IT Compliance Hub

Payment & Financial Data Security

Rules for anyone who handles card data, financial reporting systems or works for banks and insurers: PCI DSS, SOX, SOC 1, DORA, GLBA, NYDFS 500, PSD2 and SWIFT CSP.

  • 2 guides in this area
  • Mandatory and voluntary clearly labelled
  • Official sources in every guide
Where to start

Which one do you need?

Find the line that matches your situation. Many companies need more than one; the guides explain how they overlap.

If this is youStart withType
You store, process or transmit card dataPCI DSS Contractual industry standard
You work for a US-listed company or its finance systemsSOX Law / regulation
All guides

Payment & Financial Data Security guides

Contractual industry standard Global

PCI DSS

Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard

PCI DSS is the security standard for protecting payment card data. It isn't a law: card brands such as Visa and Mastercard require it through contracts with banks, which pass it on to merchants and service providers. Anyone who stores, processes or transmits cardholder data, or can affect its security, must comply. Version 4.0.1 is current, with 12 requirements, and all requirements introduced in version 4.0 have been mandatory since 31 March 2025.

Mandatory: Contractually required for anyone who stores, processes or transmits card data, or can affect its security

Quick facts
What it covers
Security of cardholder data and sensitive authentication data across networks, systems, applications, people and service providers.
Who needs it
Merchants, payment gateways, SaaS that store, process or transmit card data
Why it matters
E-commerce sites, SaaS platforms that take payments, and IT providers that host or support payment systems all fall in scope, and acquirers can fine or stop working with non-compliant businesses.
Key requirements
  • Network security controls and secure configurations (Requirements 1 and 2)
  • Protect stored account data and encrypt it in transit (3 and 4)
  • Anti-malware, secure systems and software, and script controls on payment pages (5 and 6)
  • Need-to-know access, strong authentication with MFA, physical security (7 to 9)
  • Logging, monitoring and regular security testing (10 and 11)
  • Policies, risk analysis, awareness and third-party management (12)
Where it applies
Global
Category
Payment & Financial Data Security
Read the PCI DSS guide
Law / regulation USA

SOX

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) is a US federal law that requires public companies to maintain and report on effective internal control over financial reporting. Executives must certify financial reports, and larger companies need an independent auditor's opinion on those controls. For IT teams, SOX means IT general controls over access, change management and operations for every system that affects the financial statements, including SaaS vendors' systems, which is why customers ask vendors for SOC 1 reports.

Mandatory: Mandatory for SEC-registered public companies; vendors are affected through customers' audits

Quick facts
What it covers
Internal control over financial reporting, including IT general controls and application controls for financial systems, plus executive certification and record retention.
Who needs it
Public companies and IT vendors supporting financial reporting systems
Why it matters
IT and SaaS companies preparing to list in the US must build SOX controls, and vendors whose software affects customers' financial reporting are pulled into their customers' SOX audits.
Key requirements
  • CEO and CFO certification of financial reports (Section 302)
  • Management assessment of internal control over financial reporting (Section 404(a))
  • Auditor attestation for accelerated and large accelerated filers (Section 404(b))
  • IT general controls - access, change management, operations, and development
  • Evidence of controls operating throughout the year
  • Record retention and penalties for destroying audit records (Section 802)
Where it applies
USA (and foreign companies registered with the SEC)
Category
Payment & Financial Data Security
Read the SOX guide
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